All crops have five stages.  To tell if a crop is ready to harvest, click F3 and look at the crop.  On the far right side, it will say: evep:CROPNAME_stage_# Once that number is 4, you can harvest it.

Crops with Seeds: Tomato, Strawberry, Blueberry, Cherry, Corn, Mint, Banana, Vanilla, Maple, Cinnamon, Barley, Oat, Rye, Peanut, Pecan, Walnut, Rhubarb, Eggplant, Peach, Pineapple, Raspberry

Some Seeds may not have Seed in their name.  Some have sapling.  However, everything listed here works like wheat.

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Crops that work like Potatoes/Carrots: Cotton, Ginger